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На территории Сибирского, Приволжского и Центрального федеральных округов в период ...
six billion in taxes, interest, and fines. The timing on the audits and speed with which the tax authorities all of a sudden uncovered an alleged US$ 24.one billion tax fraud are strong help to the inference the tax assessments - lawful or not less than Russian law (and so they were not) - have been a pretext for removing Mr. Khodorkovsky while renationalizing all of Yukos’ oil and fuel belongings.
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,But a state constantly has the opportunity, as well as the obligation, to tug back again within the brink from committing an illegal act. Traders are encouraged by treaties such as the IPPA to speculate to the expectation that states will Keep to the law and honor their treaty obligations. The Respondent’s argument to the contrary is unbecoming a state that professes to adhere towards the rule of legislation.
• As early as 1997, Vladimir Putin advocated that the Russian Condition really should regain and manage control in excess of privatized petroleum means, Immediately after his election in 2000, President Putin publicly expressed a want to "liquidate the oligarchs as a class, " Though he then provided the oligarchs a "truce " pursuant to which the perceived sins on the privatizations wouldn't be revisited provided that the oligarchs stayed away from politics.
Территория музея-заповедника обширна, поэтому работы по обновлению пройдут в три этапа, к первому из которых приступят в этом году.
405. The Tribunal considers being an Original matter that, on The idea of its findings in relation for the meeting on the definitions of "investor" and "financial commitment", it's got jurisdiction more than the dispute as Claimant was an investor by having an investment decision with the day on the share purchases in late 2004 right up until the date that Yukos ceased to exist. During that period of time the IPPA placed on Respondent and buyers from the United Kingdom. 406. The major alleged acts of Respondent breaching the IPPA, namely the auction of YNG shares and the individual bankruptcy auctions, all occurred right after Claimant was an Trader beneath the IPPA. 407. Certain tax assessments and linked functions and carry out of Respondent which might be product to Claimant’s assert transpired just before Claimant getting to be an investor. The Tribunal considers that it's not prevented from reviewing Individuals acts and also the conduct of Respondent so that you https://rosinvest.com can inform its conclusion on whether or not Respondent breached the IPPA and broken Claimant’s expenditure during the period Claimant owned the shares and qualified being an Trader. The alleged functions (YNG auction and personal bankruptcy auctions) that occurred through the period Claimant was an Trader under the IPPA had been inextricably linked to the taxation assessments and audit stories that happened ahead of Claimant getting an Trader. The tax assessments, audits and enforcement actions may possibly thus be taken into account When it comes to the YNG auction and personal bankruptcy auctions. 408. The Tribunal, therefore, considers that it will be able to review factual matters and authorized techniques that occurred ahead of Claimant’s buy of Yukos shares so that you can inform its investigation with the alleged functions which, making an allowance for the Tribunal’s summary on meeting the definition of "investor" and "investment decision", indisputably transpired when Claimant held Yukos shares. 409. On the other hand, whilst the Tribunal isn't prevented from discovering that Respondent breached the IPPA in respect of Claimant on The idea of rationae temporis, the Tribunal may possibly keep in mind the timing of the share acquire in its thought of damages as well as their valuation, The Tribunal considers which the timing of Claimant’s share buy will tell the Tribunal’s consideration on the quantum of any damages awarded.
Claimant’s legal rights and offsetting responsibilities in relation to the Yukos shares previous to March 2007 As a result didn't have - and will not have had — any economic price. Indeed, Claimant would've had to pay someone to stage into its shoes for so long as the Participation Agreements remained in place
"Процесс потепления нарушил условия сохранения устойчивости мерзлотных грунтов, что создает серьезные риски для сохранения устойчивости зданий и сооружений (...). ...
[], this Tribunal just isn't known as upon to sit as an appellate court of very last vacation resort reviewing the Russian courtroom choices by now exhaustively litigated by Yukos. The Tribunal should instead decide no matter whether quod non any actions taken via the Russian authorities had been adequately egregious concerning represent steps tantamount to expropriation like a issue of public international legislation. [ ], the burden of evidence here is squarely on Claimant’s shoulders.
Тогда их было шесть, до наших дней сохранилось только три: Вознесенский, Казанский и Дьяковский.
fifty four. The Respondent also argues that Claimant has not proven that it was deprived of any "basic possession rights " in its expenditure. Should the Respondent is accurate that "the appointment of a receiver to https://rosinvest.com liquidate a business or other property constitutes an expropriation if it does not constitute a respectable workout of your Point out’s regulatory electrical power," then the Respondent’s appointment of a receiver on 4 August 2006 also deprived Claimant of essential possession rights in its expenditure on that day.
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The Tribunal should reject this argument, because the Tribunal is entitled to think about occasions that preceded Claimant’s investment to ascertain the context from the expropriation and as evidence of the Respondent's true intent. [ J